Mast Cell Mediators Inhibit Osteoblastic Differentiation and Extracellular Matrix Mineralization

J Histochem Cytochem. 2017 Dec;65(12):723-741. doi: 10.1369/0022155417734174. Epub 2017 Oct 5.

Abstract

Mast cells are multifunctional immune cells that participate in many important processes such as defense against pathogens, allergic reactions, and tissue repair. These cells perform their functions through the release of a wide variety of mediators. This release occurs mainly through cross-linking IgE (immunoglobulin E) bound to high affinity IgE receptors by multivalent antigens. The abundance of mast cells in connective tissue, surrounding blood vessels, and their involvement in the early stages of bone repair support the possibility of physiological and pathological interactions between mast cells and osteoblasts. However, the participation of mast cell mediators in osteogenesis is not fully understood. Therefore, the objective of this work was to investigate the role of mast cell mediators in the acquisition of the osteogenic phenotype in vitro. The results show that pooled mast cell mediators can affect proliferation, morphology, and cytoskeleton of osteoblastic cells, and impair the activity and expression of alkaline phosphatase as well as the expression of bone sialoprotein. Also, mast cell mediators inhibit the expression of mRNA for those proteins and inhibit the formation and maturation of calcium nodules and consequently inhibit mineralization. Therefore, mast cell mediators can modulate osteogenesis and are potential therapeutic targets for treatments of bone disorders.

Keywords: Alizarin red; bone remodeling; cell shape; co-culture; energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry; fluorescence microscopy; rat.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Actin Cytoskeleton / drug effects
  • Actin Cytoskeleton / metabolism
  • Alkaline Phosphatase / genetics
  • Animals
  • Cell Differentiation / drug effects*
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Extracellular Matrix / drug effects*
  • Extracellular Matrix / metabolism*
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / drug effects
  • Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein / genetics
  • Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein / metabolism
  • Mast Cells / cytology*
  • Mast Cells / drug effects*
  • Mast Cells / metabolism
  • Minerals / metabolism*
  • Osteoblasts / cytology*
  • Osteoblasts / drug effects
  • Osteopontin / genetics
  • Protein Transport / drug effects
  • RNA, Messenger / genetics
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
  • Rats

Substances

  • Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein
  • Minerals
  • RNA, Messenger
  • Osteopontin
  • Alkaline Phosphatase