Oxidative Stress Markers in Tuberculosis and HIV/TB Co-Infection

Shreewardhan Haribhau Rajopadhye; Sandeepan R Mukherjee; Abhay S Chowdhary; Sucheta P Dandekar

doi:10.7860/JCDR/2017/28478.10473

Oxidative Stress Markers in Tuberculosis and HIV/TB Co-Infection

J Clin Diagn Res. 2017 Aug;11(8):BC24-BC28. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/28478.10473. Epub 2017 Aug 1.

Authors

Shreewardhan Haribhau Rajopadhye¹, Sandeepan R Mukherjee², Abhay S Chowdhary³, Sucheta P Dandekar⁴

Affiliations

¹ PhD Fellow, Department of Biochemistry, Seth G.S. Medical College and KEM Hospital and Department of Biochemistry, Haffkine Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
² Scientific Officer, Department of Virology and Immunology, Haffkine Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
³ Professor and Head, Department of Microbiology, GGMC and Sir J.J. Group of Hospitals, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
⁴ Professor and Head, Department of Biochemistry, Seth G.S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Abstract

Introduction: Dysfunction of redox homeostasis has been implicated in many pathological conditions. An imbalance of pro- and anti-oxidants have been observed in Tuberculosis (TB) and its co-morbidities especially HIV/AIDS. The pro inflammatory milieu in either condition aggravates the physiological balance of the redox mechanisms. The present study therefore focuses on assessing the redox status of patients suffering from TB and HIV-TB co-infection.

Aim: To assess the oxidative stress markers in the HIV-TB and TB study cohort.

Materials and methods: The current prospective study was conducted in Haffkine Institute, Parel, Maharashtra, India, during January 2013 to December 2015. Blood samples from 50 patients each suffering from active TB and HIV-TB co-infection were collected from Seth G.S.Medical College and KEM Hospital Mumbai and Group of Tuberculosis Hospital, Sewree Mumbai. Samples were processed and the experiments were carried out at the Department of Biochemistry, Haffkine Institute. Samples from 50 healthy volunteers were used as controls. Serum was assessed for pro-oxidant markers such as Nitric Oxide (NO), Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Species (TBARS), C-Reactive Protein (CRP), superoxide anion. Antioxidant markers such as catalase and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) were assessed. Total serum protein, was also assessed.

Results: Among the pro-oxidants, serum NO levels were decreased in TB group while no change was seen in HIV-TB group. TBARS and CRP levels showed significant increase in both groups; superoxide anion increased significantly in HIV-TB group. Catalase levels showed decreased activities in TB group. SOD activity significantly increased in HIV-TB but not in TB group. The total serum proteins were significantly increased in HIV-TB and TB groups. The values of Control cohort were with the normal reference ranges.

Conclusion: In the present study, we found the presence of oxidative stress to be profound in the TB and HIV-TB co-infection population.

Keywords: C-reactive protein; Nitric oxide; Superoxide anion; Superoxide dismutase; Thiobarbituric acid reactive species.