The constituents were isolated and purified by the silica gel and semi-preparative HPLC, and their structures were elucidated by NMR spectral and MS data. Fifteen compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of 95% ethanol extract from the leaves of Garcinia xanthochymus, and identified as 5, 7, 4'-trihydroxy-6-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-flavone(1), 1,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone(2), 1, 3-dimethoxy-5-hydroxy xanthone(3), kaempferol(4),(2S,3S)-trans-dihydrokaempferol(5), 3, 24, 25-trihydroxytirucall-7-ene(6), 4-hydroxycinnamic acid(7), isovanillic acid(8),(Z)-2-(2,4-dihydroxy-2, 6, 6-trimethylcyclohexylidene)acetic acid(9), volkensiflavone(10), morelloflavone(11), 3, 8″-biapigenin(12), bilobetin(13), fukugiside(14), GB2a glucoside(15). Compound 1 is a new compound, compounds 5, 6, 9 and 13 are isolated from the genus Garcinia for the first time, and compounds 4, 7-8, 10-12, 14 and 15 are firstly found from this plant. α-Amylase inhibitory activities of 10 compounds were determined using starch azure as the substrate, and the results show that compound 13 has the inhibitory activities against α-amylase, IC₅₀ values of compound 13 and acarbose are 8.12, 4.32 μmol•L⁻¹ respectively.
Keywords: Garcinia; Garcinia xanthochymus; flavonoids; triterpenes; α-amylase.
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