Phospho-AXL is widely expressed in glioblastoma and associated with significant shorter overall survival

Oncotarget. 2017 Jun 13;8(31):50403-50414. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.18468. eCollection 2017 Aug 1.

Abstract

Receptor tyrosine kinase AXL (RTK-AXL) is regarded as a suitable target in glioblastoma (GBM) therapy. Since AXL kinase inhibitors are about to get approval for clinical use, patients with a potential benefit from therapy targeting AXL need to be identified. We therefore assessed the expression pattern of Phospho-AXL (P-AXL), the biologically active form of AXL, in 90 patients with newly diagnosed GBM, which was found to be detectable in 67 patients (corresponding to 74%). We identified three main P-AXL expression patterns: i) exclusively in the tumor vasculature (13%), ii) in areas of hypercellularity (35%), or iii) both, in the tumor vasculature and in hypercellular areas of the tumor tissue (52%). Pattern iii) is associated with significant decrease in overall survival (Hazard ratio 2.349, 95% confidence interval 1.069 to 5.162, *p=0.03). Our data suggest that P-AXL may serve as a therapeutic target in the majority of GBM patients.

Keywords: Pathology Section; glioblastoma multiforme (GBM); glomeroid tufts; overall survival; phospho-Axl (P-AXL); receptor tyrosine kinase AXL (AXL).