Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms: when genetics and environment collide

Nat Rev Cancer. 2017 Aug 24;17(9):513-527. doi: 10.1038/nrc.2017.60.

Abstract

Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN) arise as a late effect of chemotherapy and/or radiation administered for a primary condition, typically a malignant disease, solid organ transplant or autoimmune disease. Survival is measured in months, not years, making t-MN one of the most aggressive and lethal cancers. In this Review, we discuss recent developments that reframe our understanding of the genetic and environmental aetiology of t-MN. Emerging data are illuminating who is at highest risk of developing t-MN, why t-MN are chemoresistant and how we may use this information to treat and ultimately prevent this lethal disease.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / adverse effects
  • Bone Marrow Cells
  • Chromosome Aberrations*
  • Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5
  • Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7
  • Clone Cells / physiology
  • Gene-Environment Interaction*
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease
  • Hematopoiesis
  • Humans
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / etiology*
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / therapy
  • Mutation
  • Myelodysplastic Syndromes / etiology*
  • Myelodysplastic Syndromes / therapy
  • Neoplasms, Second Primary / etiology*
  • Neoplasms, Second Primary / therapy
  • Prognosis
  • Radiation Exposure / adverse effects
  • Risk Factors

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating