Objectives: The specific purpose of this study was the assessment of A5935G, G5949A, G6081A, G6267A mutations in MT-CO1 and T9540C in MT-CO3, and alterations detected during the analysis of MT-CO gene fragments in subject and control groups. A secondary aim was to assess the relationship between MT-CO1 and MT-CO3 gene alterations and endometrial cancer incidence and evaluation of the prognostic value of MT-CO1 and MT-CO3 gene alterations.
Material and methods: In this study, we investigated A5935G, G5949A, G6081A, G6267A mutations in MT-CO1 and T9540C in MT-CO3, and alterations detected during the analysis of MT-CO gene fragments in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded endometrial and benign endometrial hyperplasia of a cohort of 125 subjects.
Results: The T9540C mutation in MT-CO3 was detected in one patient from the subject group. None of the remaining muta-tions were detected. The research showed that the presence of alterations in MT-CO1 and MT-CO3 typical of other types of cancer is not a risk factor for endometrial cancer. Analysis of MT-CO1 and MT-CO3 gene fragments revealed 10 alterations (6 and 4 respectively). The alterations detected were identified in 10% of the tested group and 8% of the control group.
Conclusions: The research showed that the presence of alterations in MT-CO1 (A5935G, G5949A, G6081A, G6267A) typical of other types of cancer is not a risk factor for endometrial cancer. Three new alterations detected in this study (A6052G, A9545G, G9575A) were described for the first time.
Keywords: alterations in MT-CO1; alterations in MT-CO3; endometrial cancer; mtDNA mutations.