Background: The diagnosis of biliary atresia (BA) is still challenging. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical features and parameters that contribute to a diagnosis of BA.
Methods: From January 2000 to December 2013, 37 patients who underwent operative cholangiography were evaluated retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups: a BA group, and a group with other cholestatic diseases (non-BA group). The demographic data and preoperative liver function test results were analyzed.
Results: Of the 37 patients, 29 patients were confirmed to have BA. Age at operation was not significantly different between the two groups (P = 0.77). On preoperative liver function tests, only the level of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GTP) was significantly higher in the BA group (P = 0.015). The predominant non-BA disease was inspissated bile syndrome (IBS). In the IBS patients, the jaundice was relieved after lavage of the biliary tree.
Conclusion: The preoperative differentiation of cholestasis is difficult based on laboratory data and imaging. Preoperative γ-GTP may be useful for diagnosing BA, but operative cholangiography should be performed when BA is suspected and cannot be ruled out by other methods, given that the most common non-BA disease may be IBS.
Keywords: biliary atresia; cholestatic disease; diagnosis; infant.
© 2017 Japan Pediatric Society.