In this chapter, we intend to review gene therapy concepts applied to the potential treatment of tyrosinemia for parents and pediatricians. Therefore, our main objective is to give general informations in a comprehensible manner. Considering the nature of tyrosinemia and the current state of technology, a particular focus will be put on strategies using viral delivery of DNA to the liver. In light of the recent development of the CRISPR technology and the revival of promises for previously unavailable therapeutical tools, the present chapter aims at presenting up to date facts and potential pitfalls towards an application for metabolic diseases, in particular tyrosinemia.
Keywords: Adeno-associated virus; Gene therapy; Genome editing; Liver disease; Tyrosinemia.