Effect of TEMPO-oxidization and rapid cooling on thermo-structural properties of nanocellulose

Mhd Abd Cader Mhd Haniffa; Yern Chee Ching; Cheng Hock Chuah; Kuan Yong Ching; Nik Nazri; Luqman Chuah Abdullah; Liou Nai-Shang

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.05.084

Effect of TEMPO-oxidization and rapid cooling on thermo-structural properties of nanocellulose

Carbohydr Polym. 2017 Oct 1:173:91-99. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.05.084. Epub 2017 May 30.

Authors

Mhd Abd Cader Mhd Haniffa¹, Yern Chee Ching², Cheng Hock Chuah³, Kuan Yong Ching⁴, Nik Nazri⁵, Luqman Chuah Abdullah⁶, Liou Nai-Shang⁷

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
² Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Electronic address: chingyc@um.edu.my.
³ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
⁴ University of Reading Malaysia, Persiaran Graduan, Kota Ilmu, Educity, 79200 Iskandar Puteri, Johor, Malaysia.
⁵ Department of Mechanical Engineer, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
⁶ Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Product (INTROP), University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia.
⁷ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 710 Tainan City, Taiwan, ROC.

PMID: 28732923
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.05.084

Abstract

Recently, surface functionality and thermal property of the green nanomaterials have received wide attention in numerous applications. In this study, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was used to prepare the nanocrystalline celluloses (NCCs) using acid hydrolysis method. The NCCs was treated with TEMPO [(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxy radical]-oxidation to prepare TEMPO-oxidized NCCs. Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) also prepared from MCC using TEMPO-oxidation. The effects of rapid cooling and chemical treatments on the thermo-structural property studies of the prepared nanocelluloses were investigated through FTIR, thermogravimetric analysis-derivative thermogravimetric (TGA-DTG), and XRD. A posteriori knowledge of the FTIR and TGA-DTG analysis revealed that the rapid cooling treatment enhanced the hydrogen bond energy and thermal stability of the TEMPO-oxidized NCC compared to other nanocelluloses. XRD analysis exhibits the effect of rapid cooling on pseudo 2_I helical conformation. This was the first investigation performed on the effect of rapid cooling on structural properties of the nanocellulose.

Keywords: Hydrogen bond energy; Nanocellulose; Rapid cooling; TEMPO-oxidation; TGA-DTG; Thermal stability.