A bright-yellow, Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, gliding and aerobic bacterium, designated strain AQ6-291T, was isolated from the Fildes Peninsula, Antarctica, and its taxonomic position was investigated by genotypic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic analyses. Growth occurred at 4-28 °C (optimum 20 °C) and at pH 5.0-8.0 (optimum pH 7.0). Strain AQ6-291T contained iso-C15 : 1 G, iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 1ω5c, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c) as the major cellular fatty acids. The main polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, unknown aminophospholipids, unknown phospholipids, five unknown aminolipids and two unknown polar lipids. MK-7 was the major respiratory quinone. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain AQ6-291T belonged to the genus Flavitalea. The DNA G+C content was 48.1 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, strain AQ6-291T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Flavitalea, for which the name Flavitalea antarctica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is AQ6-291T (=CCTCC AB 2016109T=KCTC 52491T).