Visual detection of Brucella in bovine biological samples using DNA-activated gold nanoparticles

PLoS One. 2017 Jul 18;12(7):e0180919. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180919. eCollection 2017.

Abstract

Brucellosis is a bacterial disease, which, although affecting cattle primarily, has been associated with human infections, making its detection an important challenge. The existing gold standard diagnosis relies on the culture of bacteria which is a lengthy and costly process, taking up to 45 days. New technologies based on molecular diagnosis have been proposed, either through dip-stick, immunological assays, which have limited specificity, or using nucleic acid tests, which enable to identify the pathogen, but are impractical for use in the field, where most of the reservoir cases are located. Here we demonstrate a new test based on hybridization assays with metal nanoparticles, which, upon detection of a specific pathogen-derived DNA sequence, yield a visual colour change. We characterise the components used in the assay with a range of analytical techniques and show sensitivities down to 1000 cfu/ml for the detection of Brucella. Finally, we demonstrate that the assay works in a range of bovine samples including semen, milk and urine, opening up the potential for its use in the field, in low-resource settings.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Biosensing Techniques / methods*
  • Brucella / isolation & purification*
  • Cattle
  • DNA Probes / chemistry*
  • Gold / chemistry*
  • Limit of Detection
  • Metal Nanoparticles / chemistry*
  • Milk
  • Nucleic Acid Hybridization
  • Reproducibility of Results

Substances

  • DNA Probes
  • Gold

Grants and funding

This study was funded by the Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science & Technology, India (PC - BT/IN/Indo-UK/FADH/43/PC/2013) and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, UK (JC - BB/L00464X/1). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.