Host Adaptation of Soybean Dwarf Virus Following Serial Passages on Pea (Pisum sativum) and Soybean (Glycine max)

Bin Tian; Frederick E Gildow; Andrew L Stone; Diana J Sherman; Vernon D Damsteegt; William L Schneider

doi:10.3390/v9060155

Host Adaptation of Soybean Dwarf Virus Following Serial Passages on Pea (Pisum sativum) and Soybean (Glycine max)

Viruses. 2017 Jun 21;9(6):155. doi: 10.3390/v9060155.

Authors

Bin Tian^{1

2}, Frederick E Gildow³, Andrew L Stone⁴, Diana J Sherman⁵, Vernon D Damsteegt⁶, William L Schneider⁷

Affiliations

¹ Department of Plant Pathology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. btian@ksu.edu.
² Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA. btian@ksu.edu.
³ Department of Plant Pathology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. feg2@psu.edu.
⁴ USDA-ARS Foreign Disease Weed Science Research Unit, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA. andrew.stone@ars.usda.gov.
⁵ USDA-ARS Foreign Disease Weed Science Research Unit, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA. diana.sherman@ars.usda.gov.
⁶ USDA-ARS Foreign Disease Weed Science Research Unit, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA. verndd@hotmail.com.
⁷ USDA-ARS Foreign Disease Weed Science Research Unit, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA. William.Schneider@ars.usda.gov.

Abstract

Soybean Dwarf Virus (SbDV) is an important plant pathogen, causing economic losses in soybean. In North America, indigenous strains of SbDV mainly infect clover, with occasional outbreaks in soybean. To evaluate the risk of a US clover strain of SbDV adapting to other plant hosts, the clover isolate SbDV-MD6 was serially transmitted to pea and soybean by aphid vectors. Sequence analysis of SbDV-MD6 from pea and soybean passages identified 11 non-synonymous mutations in soybean, and six mutations in pea. Increasing virus titers with each sequential transmission indicated that SbDV-MD6 was able to adapt to the plant host. However, aphid transmission efficiency on soybean decreased until the virus was no longer transmissible. Our results clearly demonstrated that the clover strain of SbDV-MD6 is able to adapt to soybean crops. However, mutations that improve replication and/or movement may have trade-off effects resulting in decreased vector transmission.

Keywords: Soybean Dwarf Virus; adaptation; aphid transmission; genome sequencing; soybean aphid; trade-off effect.

MeSH terms

Adaptation, Biological*
Animals
Aphids / virology
Disease Transmission, Infectious
Glycine max / virology*
Insect Vectors / virology
Luteovirus / genetics*
Luteovirus / growth & development*
Mutation, Missense*
North America
Pisum sativum / virology*
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Serial Passage*

Supplementary concepts

Soybean dwarf virus