Aims: Pulse wave analysis (PWA) uses the technique of applanation tonometry to obtain a peripheral pulse pressure waveform from which central hemodynamic information is derived. Using PWA, subendocardial viability ratio (SEVR) can be measured. SEVR represents a noninvasive measure of myocardial perfusion. It is related to the work of the heart, the oxygen consumption, and the energy supply of the heart. Anemia is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD). A complex relationship exists between CKD, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and anemia. The aim of our study was to assess the relationship between SEVR and hemoglobin in non-dialysis CKD patients.
Material and methods: We examined the associations between PWA hemodynamic parameters, 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (BP) measurements, and laboratory variables including hemoglobin, cardiac biomarkers troponin I, NT-proBNP, and hs-CRP in a cohort of 91 nondialysis CKD patients. PWA was assessed by radial applanation tonometry (SphygmoCor, Atcor, Sydney, Australia). The patients were divided into two groups according to the median value of hemoglobin.
Results: Mean age of included patients was 60.2 years, 67% were men, 44% were smokers, 25.3% had diabetes. A significant correlation between hemoglobin and SEVR was found (r = 0.26; p = 0.012). With multivariate regression analysis, SEVR as dependent variable turned out to be statistically significantly associated with hemoglobin (β = 0.344, p = 0.013) and with troponin I (β = -0.217, p = 0.037). Patients in the group with lower hemoglobin had statistically-significantly higher serum creatinine, cystatin C, NT-proBNP, and 24-hour ambulatory systolic BP and lower e-GFR, SEVR, and office diastolic BP.
Conclusions: Results of our study show that SEVR is independently associated with hemoglobin in nondialysis CKD patients. CKD patients with lower hemoglobin have lower SEVR. .