Abstract
Since the nineteenth century, Myriostoma has been regarded as a monotypic genus with a widespread distribution in north temperate and subtropical regions. However, on the basis of morphological characters and phylogenetic evidence of DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions and the large subunit nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (LSU), four species are now delimited: M. areolatum comb. & stat. nov., M. calongei sp. nov., M. capillisporum comb. & stat. nov., and M. coliforme. Myriostoma coliforme is typified by selecting a lectotype (iconotype) and a modern sequenced collection as an epitype. The four species can be discriminated by a combination of morphological characters, such as stomatal form, endoperidial surface texture, and basidiospore size and ornamentation.
MeSH terms
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Basidiomycota / classification
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Basidiomycota / genetics*
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Basidiomycota / pathogenicity
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Classification
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DNA, Fungal / genetics
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DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / genetics*
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Phylogeny*
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Piper nigrum / microbiology
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Sequence Analysis, DNA
Substances
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DNA, Fungal
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DNA, Ribosomal Spacer
Grants and funding
The authors would like to express their thanks to the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES—Brazil) for the PhD scholarships awarded to Julieth de Oliveira Sousa and Donis S. Alfredo in 2014/2015 and to the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq—Brazil, Projeto Pesquisador Visitante Especial PVE/407474/2013–7 and Projecto de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade do Semiarido PPBio/457476/2012–5; María P. Martín and Iuri G. Baseia) for the scholarship of scientific initiation awarded to Luana Conrado. Natural England (Species Recovery Programme) is thanked for funding part of the sequencing work carried out in England.