Keap1 knockdown in melanocytes induces cell proliferation and survival via HO-1-associated β-catenin signaling

J Dermatol Sci. 2017 Oct;88(1):85-95. doi: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2017.05.007. Epub 2017 May 18.

Abstract

Background: Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway protects cells against photo-oxidative stress. Yet in recent works, its role in melanogenesis together with cell protection functions against oxidative stress has been gaining interest. However, its effect on melanogenesis still has contradictory results from different studies.

Objective: The aims of our study were to investigate the effect of Keap1 silencing in melanocyte on melanogenesis and its associated mechanism.

Methods: Primary human epidermal melanocytes and melan-a cell line were used for this experiment. RNA sequencing was done to identify genes involved in melanocyte biology using Keap1 knockdown through siRNA techniques. And melanogenesis and the expression of melanogenesis-associated molecules were evaluated in Keap1 silenced melanocyte to examine the effects of Keap1 on melanogenesis, melanocyte growth, and related pathways.

Results: RNA-sequencing data revealed that Keap1 knockdown in primary human epidermal melanocytes (PHEMs) induced cell survival-related gene expression. Additionally, siRNA-mediated inhibition of Keap1 led to upregulation of MITF and melanogenesis-associated molecules along with Nrf2 activation in PHEMs. HO-1, a major gene that is upregulated in RNA-sequencing using Keap1-silenced PHEMs, protected melanocytes against H2O2-induced cell death and upregulated MITF and β-catenin expression. Further, increased expression of melanogenesis-associated molecules after Keap1 silencing was validated to occur through HO-1-associated β-catenin activation in a Keap1 and HO-1 double knockdown experiment.

Conclusion: This work suggests that Keap1 silencing in melanocytes induced melanogenesis and the expression of melanogenesis-associated molecules through HO-1-associated β-catenin activation. Keap1 downregulation in melanocytes is important for cell proliferation and survival.

Keywords: Beta catenin; HO-1; Keap1; Melanocyte survival; Melanogenesis; RNA sequencing.

MeSH terms

  • Cell Proliferation
  • Cell Survival
  • Down-Regulation
  • Epidermal Cells
  • Epidermis / metabolism
  • Gene Knockdown Techniques
  • Heme Oxygenase-1 / genetics
  • Heme Oxygenase-1 / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen Peroxide / toxicity
  • Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1 / genetics
  • Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1 / metabolism*
  • Keratinocytes / drug effects
  • Keratinocytes / metabolism
  • Melanins / biosynthesis*
  • Melanocytes / metabolism*
  • NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / metabolism
  • Primary Cell Culture
  • RNA Interference
  • RNA, Small Interfering / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction*
  • Up-Regulation
  • beta Catenin / metabolism*

Substances

  • CTNNB1 protein, human
  • KEAP1 protein, human
  • Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1
  • Melanins
  • NF-E2-Related Factor 2
  • NFE2L2 protein, human
  • RNA, Small Interfering
  • beta Catenin
  • Hydrogen Peroxide
  • HMOX1 protein, human
  • Heme Oxygenase-1