Requirements for a Stable Long-Term Result in Surgical Reduction of Vertebral Fragility Fractures

Abstract

Background: Osteoporotic vertebral fractures are one of the major health problems in the world. Minimally invasive surgical treatment has great advantages compared with conservative treatment in treating these fractures, because it eliminates pain and functional disability. The percutaneous intravertebral expandable titanium device SpineJack (Vexim SA, Balma, France) is beneficial compared with other kyphoplasty devices, showing results that are maintained over time and a reduction in complications. However, controversy exists about the minimum amount of cement that should be used to achieve long-term restoration and which is essential to minimize complications. We reviewed publications studying the maintenance of long-term restoration using this percutaneous expandable titanium device in cadavers. In this study, we show the first long-term work with patients treated with percutaneous expandable titanium device, describing precise indications concerning the minimum amount of cement that should be used.

Methods: Results were evaluated from a clinical study including 178 patient outcomes with long-term follow-up results performed by our team.

Results: The mean total quantity of cement injected was 4.4 mL (25% vertebral body filling). The leakage rate was 12.9%, and all of these occurrences were asymptomatic. The mean follow-up time was 77 months (60-96 months). All clinical scales improved significantly after the procedure. A recollapse of the treated vertebra was observed in 3 cases (1.6%), and the adjacent fracture rate was 2.2%.

Conclusions: From the results of our study and review of the literature, cement equivalent to 25% of the vertebral body filling volume, when combined with the titanium expandable device, seems to be sufficient to prevent recollapse in osteoporotic and type A.3 fractures.

Keywords: Kyphoplasty; Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures; Percutaneous intravertebral expandable titanium device; Vertebral fragility fractures; Vertebroplasty.