Is it worth adding loperamide to antibiotic treatment of traveler’s diarrhea?

Medwave. 2017 May 23;17(Suppl 2):e6958. doi: 10.5867/medwave.2017.6958.
[Article in Spanish, English]

Abstract

Travelers' diarrhea is a frequent condition, especially in those traveling to high-risk areas. Although antibiotic treatment reduces the duration of diarrhea, it has been suggested adding loperamide could further reduce the symptoms. To answer this question we used Epistemonikos, the largest database of systematic reviews in health, which is maintained by screening multiple information sources, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, among others. We identified two systematic reviews including 28 studies overall, of which 15 were randomized trials relevant for the question of interest. We extracted data from the systematic reviews, reanalysed data of primary studies and generated a summary of findings table using the GRADE approach. We concluded adding loperamide to antibiotic treatment might accelerate resolution of symptoms in traveler’s diarrhea with minimal or no adverse effects.

La diarrea del viajero es una patología frecuente, en especial en quienes se dirigen a regiones de alto riesgo. Si bien el tratamiento antibiótico reduce la duración del cuadro, se ha planteado que la asociación de loperamida podría reducir aún más los síntomas. Para responder esta pregunta utilizamos Epistemonikos, la mayor base de datos de revisiones sistemáticas en salud, la cual es mantenida mediante búsquedas en múltiples fuentes de información, incluyendo MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, entre otras. Identificamos dos revisiones sistemáticas que en conjunto incluyen 28 estudios primarios, de los cuales 15 corresponden a ensayos aleatorizados. Extrajimos los datos desde las revisiones identificadas y preparamos tablas de resumen de los resultados utilizando el método GRADE. Concluimos que agregar loperamida al tratamiento con antibióticos podría acelerar la resolución del cuadro, sin asociarse probablemente a efectos adversos importantes.

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Antidiarrheals / administration & dosage
  • Antidiarrheals / adverse effects
  • Databases, Factual
  • Diarrhea / drug therapy*
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Humans
  • Loperamide / administration & dosage*
  • Loperamide / adverse effects
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Travel
  • Travel-Related Illness

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Antidiarrheals
  • Loperamide