Objective: To establish an rabbit model that mimics the hemodynamics of the bypass graft after coronary artery bypass surgery.
Methods: Sixteen New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into two groups for abdominal aortic artery replacement using a 3-cm-long ePTFE graft with an inner diameter 4 mm through an incision at 1/3 from the middle to the lower part of the abdomen (group A) or in the lower abdomen (group B). The general conditions of the rabbits, operative time, number of collateral vessels that needed to be ligated, rate of massive intraoperative bleeding, fluctuation of vascular anastomosis after surgery, patency rate of the graft on day 7 after the operation were compared between the two groups.
Results: The two groups of rabbits had similar body weight, diameter of the abdominal aortic artery, intraoperative bleeding rate and occlusion rate of the vascular graft at 7 days after the procedure. The operative time was longer in group A, but the difference was not statistically significant. In group A, the number of the vascular branches that needed to be ligated was smaller and the rate normal femoral artery pulsation was higher than those in group B.
Conclusion: It is feasible to establish models of small diameter vascular graft replacement in rabbits, and the patency rate of the graft can be monitored by observation of the general condition and ultrasound examination of the rabbits.
目的: 构建出能够更好的模拟冠心病搭桥术后桥血管血流动力学改变的动物实验模型。
方法: 16只新西兰大白兔随机分为两组。利用4 mm内径，长度为3 cm的膨体聚四氟乙烯血管置换兔的腹主动脉，切口位置分别选择在腹主中下1/3切口和下腹部切口，对比两组动物的基本情况、手术的时间、需要结扎的侧支血管数量、术中大出血的几率、术后血管吻合后的波动情况及血管通畅几率，并完善手术的注意事项和术后的动物处理方法等。
结果: 两组动物在体质量，腹主动脉直径无明显差异（P > 0.05）。在手术时间方面，选择切口在中下1/3组有一增长的趋势，但无统计学差异（P > 0.05）。切口选择在腹部中下1/3组在需要结扎的分支血管数量少于下腹部切口组，术后血管两端吻合口波动良好的比率大于下腹部切口组。两组在出血的几率，术后7 d的栓塞几率方面无明显差异（P > 0.05）。
结论: 利用兔制备小口径血管的置换模型可行，可根据动物表现和彩超检查及时发现小口径血管通畅与否。