The role of a dairy fraction rich in milk fat globule membrane in the suppression of postprandial inflammatory markers and bone turnover in obese and overweight adults: an exploratory study

Tara S Rogers; Elieke Demmer; Nancy Rivera; Erik R Gertz; J Bruce German; Jennifer T Smilowitz; Angela M Zivkovic; Marta D Van Loan

doi:10.1186/s12986-017-0189-z

The role of a dairy fraction rich in milk fat globule membrane in the suppression of postprandial inflammatory markers and bone turnover in obese and overweight adults: an exploratory study

Nutr Metab (Lond). 2017 May 17:14:36. doi: 10.1186/s12986-017-0189-z. eCollection 2017.

Authors

Tara S Rogers^{1

2}, Elieke Demmer¹, Nancy Rivera¹, Erik R Gertz³, J Bruce German^{4

5}, Jennifer T Smilowitz^{4

5}, Angela M Zivkovic^{1

4}, Marta D Van Loan^{1

3}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
² Center for Musculoskeletal Health, University of California, Davis Medical Center, 4625 2nd Avenue, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.
³ USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, 430 West Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
⁴ Foods for Health Institute, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
⁵ Department of Food Science & Technology, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 USA.

Abstract

Background: Inflammation is associated with increased bone resorption; the role of inflammation in postprandial bone turnover has not been explored. Consumption of milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) reduces inflammation in animal models. This study aimed to measure postprandial changes in bone turnover after intake of high saturated fat test meals, with- and without the anti-inflammatory ingredient MFGM.

Methods: Subjects (n = 36 adults) were obese (BMI 30-39.9 kg/m²) or overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m²) with two traits of Metabolic Syndrome. Subjects consumed a different test meal on four occasions at random; blood draws were taken at baseline and 1, 3, and 6 h postprandial. Test meals included whipping cream (WC), WC + MFGM, palm oil (PO) and PO + MFGM. Biomarkers of bone turnover and inflammation were analyzed from all four time points.

Results: Test meal (treatment) by time interactions were significant for bone resorption marker C-telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX) (p < 0.0001) and inflammatory marker interleukin 10 (IL-10) (p = 0.012). Significant differences in overall postprandial response among test meals were found for CTX and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM), with the greatest overall postprandial suppression of CTX occurring in meals containing MFGM. However, test meal by MFGM interactions were non- significant for bone and inflammatory markers. Correlations between CTX and inflammatory markers were non-significant.

Conclusion: This exploratory analysis advances the study of postprandial suppression of bone turnover by demonstrating differing effects of high SFA meals that contained MFGM; however MFGM alone did not directly moderate the difference in postprandial CTX response among test meals in this analysis. These observations may be useful for identifying foods and ingredients which maximize the suppression of bone resorption, and for generating hypotheses to test in future studies examining the role of inflammation in postprandial bone turnover.

Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01811329. Registered 11 March 2013.

Keywords: Bone Turnover; C-telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX); Inflammation; Milk Fat Globule Membrane; Postprandial.

Associated data

ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01811329