The Optimal Time and Method for Surgical Prewarming: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature

J Perianesth Nurs. 2017 Jun;32(3):199-209. doi: 10.1016/j.jopan.2015.11.010. Epub 2016 Sep 1.

Abstract

Purpose: Inadvertent hypothermia is a common problem in the operating room. This can contribute to many unfavorable outcomes --rising costs, increased complications, and higher morbidity rates.

Design: This review determined the optimal method and time to prewarm a surgical patient to prevent perioperative hypothermia.

Methods: CINAHL and PubMed were searched. Fourteen articles were ultimately included in this review.

Findings: Based on the literature reviewed, it was suggested that forced-air warming was most effective in preventing perioperative hypothermia. Eighty-one percent of the experimental studies reviewed found that there was a significantly higher temperature throughout surgery and in the postanesthesia care unit for patients who received forced-air prewarming.

Conclusions: Thirty minutes was found to be the average suggested amount of time for prewarming among the literature; however, a minimum of 10 minutes of prewarming was suggested to significantly reduce rates of hypothermia in perioperative patients and decrease the adverse effects of hypothermia.

Keywords: forced air warming; perioperative hypothermia; prewarming.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Humans
  • Hypothermia / prevention & control*
  • Perioperative Care