Neural network imaging to characterize brain injury in cardiac procedures: the emerging utility of connectomics

B Indja; J P Fanning; J J Maller; J F Fraser; P G Bannon; M Vallely; S M Grieve

doi:10.1093/bja/aex088

Neural network imaging to characterize brain injury in cardiac procedures: the emerging utility of connectomics

Br J Anaesth. 2017 May 1;118(5):680-688. doi: 10.1093/bja/aex088.

Authors

B Indja^{1

2

3}, J P Fanning^{4

5}, J J Maller^{1

6}, J F Fraser^{4

5}, P G Bannon^{2

3

7}, M Vallely^{2

3

7}, S M Grieve^{1

2

8}

Affiliations

¹ Sydney Translational Imaging Laboratory, Heart Research Institute, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
² Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
³ The Baird Institute for Applied Heart and Lung Surgical Research, Newtown, NSW, Australia.
⁴ School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, General Electric Healthcare, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
⁵ Critical Care Research Group, The Prinice Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
⁶ General Electric Healthcare, Australia.
⁷ Institute of Academic Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
⁸ Department of Radiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

PMID: 28510745
DOI: 10.1093/bja/aex088

Abstract

Cognitive dysfunction is a poorly understood but potentially devastating complication of cardiac surgery. Clinically meaningful assessment of cognitive changes after surgery is problematic because of the absence of a means to obtain reproducible, objective, and quantitative measures of the neural disturbances that cause altered brain function. By using both structural and functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging data to construct a map of the inter-regional connections within the brain, connectomics has the potential to increase the specificity and sensitivity of perioperative neurological assessment, permitting rational individualized assessment and improvement of surgical techniques.

Keywords: cardiac surgical procedures; connectome; coronary artery bypass; neuroimaging; off-pump; postoperative complications.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Brain Injuries / diagnostic imaging*
Brain Injuries / psychology*
Cardiac Surgical Procedures / methods*
Cognition Disorders / diagnostic imaging*
Cognition Disorders / etiology
Cognition Disorders / psychology*
Connectome*
Humans
Nerve Net / diagnostic imaging*
Neural Pathways / anatomy & histology
Neural Pathways / diagnostic imaging
Postoperative Complications / diagnostic imaging*
Postoperative Complications / psychology*