Metastatic and recurrent tumors of the omentum are common, but primary omental pleomorphic liposarcoma (POPL) is an extremely rare type of solid omental tumor. We describe the case of a patient with POPL who received a renal transplant from a living donor. Despite good allograft function, the volume of peritoneal fluid gradually increased. An exploratory laparotomy could not be performed because the patient was obese and developed hemodynamic instability. Therefore, a shunt was placed between the peritoneal cavity and the internal jugular vein using the Denver® shunt system; however, the patient died of respiratory insufficiency. On the basis of the autopsy results, we diagnosed the patient's condition as POPL. We speculated that the malignancy did not originate directly from the donor cells. We report POPL in a living donor renal transplant recipient.
Keywords: Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis; Living renal transplantation; Pleomorphic liposarcoma; Primary omental tumors.