Effects of endotoxin absorber hemoperfusion on microcirculation in septic pigs

J Surg Res. 2017 May 1:211:242-250. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2016.12.026. Epub 2016 Dec 28.

Abstract

Background: Endotoxins contribute to systemic inflammatory response and microcirculatory dysfunctions under conditions of sepsis. Polymyxin B hemoperfusion (PMX-HP) is used to remove circulating endotoxins and improve clinical outcomes. This study aims to investigate the effect of PMX-HP on microcirculation in septic pigs.

Materials and methods: By using a septic pig model, we tested the hypothesis that PMX-HP can correct intestinal microcirculation, tissue oxygenation saturation, and histopathologic alterations. A total of 18 male pigs were divided into three groups: (1) sham; (2) sepsis (fecal peritonitis); and (3) sepsis + PMX-HP groups. A sidestream dark field video microscope was used to record microcirculation throughout the terminal ileal mucosa, colon mucosa, kidney surface, and sublingual area. A superficial tissue oxygenation monitor employing the light reflectance spectroscopy technique was used to measure the tissue oxygen saturation. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used for histologic examination.

Results: The perfused small vessel density and tissue oxygen saturation of the ileal mucosa at 6 h were higher in the sepsis + PMX-HP group than those in the sepsis group. The fluid amount and norepinephrine infusion rate between the sepsis group and sepsis + PMX-HP groups did not differ significantly. The histologic score for the ileal mucosa was lower in the sepsis + PMX-HP group than that in the sepsis group. Finally, the urine output was higher in the sepsis + PMX-HP group than it was in the sepsis group.

Conclusions: This study demonstrates that PMX-HP attenuates microcirculatory dysfunction, tissue desaturation, and histopathologic alterations in the ileal mucosa in septic pigs.

Keywords: Endotoxin; Hemoperfusion; Intestine; Microcirculation; Pig; Sepsis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Endotoxins / blood
  • Hemoperfusion / methods*
  • Ileum / pathology
  • Ileum / physiopathology
  • Intestinal Mucosa / pathology
  • Intestinal Mucosa / physiopathology
  • Male
  • Microcirculation*
  • Polymyxin B / therapeutic use*
  • Sepsis / blood
  • Sepsis / pathology
  • Sepsis / physiopathology
  • Sepsis / therapy*
  • Swine
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Biomarkers
  • Endotoxins
  • Polymyxin B