Abstract
We investigated the beneficial effects of the crude Ecklonia cava flake (CEF), which is a residual product after polyphenol extraction from Ecklonia cava, on inflammation in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. A group of five different CEF extracts was obtained by a preparation process using water, hydrochloric acid or temperature. We observed that large-size (>19 kDa) CEF extract, which was extracted with water at 95 °C (CEF-W, 95 °C), suppressed the production of inflammatory cytokines by inhibiting its mRNA expression in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. TLR4 signaling involvements were negatively regulated by CEF-W, 95 °C. CEF-W, 95 °C repressed the translocation of NF-κB from cytoplasm into nucleus in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. CEF-W, 95 °C attenuated the phosphorylation of TBK1 and IRF3 by inhibiting the phosphorylation of ERK. Taken together, we demonstrated that large-size CEF-W, 95 °C may act as a negative regulator of inflammation through the suppression of TLR4 signaling constituents in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells.
Keywords:
Ecklonia cava flake extract; IRF3; MAPKs; NF-κB; TLR4; inflammation.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents / isolation & purification
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology*
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Cell Nucleus / drug effects
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Cell Nucleus / immunology
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Cell Nucleus / metabolism
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Complex Mixtures / isolation & purification
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Complex Mixtures / pharmacology*
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Cytosol / drug effects
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Cytosol / immunology
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Cytosol / metabolism
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Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors
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Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / genetics
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Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / immunology
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Gene Expression Regulation
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Inflammation / prevention & control
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Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 / antagonists & inhibitors
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Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 / genetics
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Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 / immunology
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Lipopolysaccharides / antagonists & inhibitors*
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Lipopolysaccharides / pharmacology
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Mice
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NF-kappa B / antagonists & inhibitors
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NF-kappa B / genetics
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NF-kappa B / immunology
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Phaeophyceae / chemistry*
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Phosphorylation / drug effects
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Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors
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Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / genetics
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Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / immunology
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Protein Transport
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RAW 264.7 Cells
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Signal Transduction
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Toll-Like Receptor 4 / antagonists & inhibitors*
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Toll-Like Receptor 4 / genetics
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Toll-Like Receptor 4 / immunology
Substances
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents
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Complex Mixtures
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Interferon Regulatory Factor-3
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Irf3 protein, mouse
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Lipopolysaccharides
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NF-kappa B
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Tlr4 protein, mouse
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Toll-Like Receptor 4
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Tbk1 protein, mouse
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Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
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Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases