The high-risk polytrauma patient and inferior vena cava filter use

Injury. 2017 Jul;48(7):1400-1404. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2017.04.038. Epub 2017 Apr 20.

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the impact on practice of vena cava filter insertion guidelines (Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma: practice management guidelines).

Design: The study was performed at a level 1 trauma centre with data from the 'Trauma Audit and Research Network' cross-referenced to hospital data.

Results: A total of 1138 specific 'high-risk' major trauma patients were identified over a 6-year period. The mean age was 46 years (18-102) and the male to female ratio was 3.3:1. The average Injury Severity Score was 23.6 (4-75). The overall DVT rate was 2.6% and the PE rate was 1.8%. A retrievable IVC filter was inserted in 42 cases (3.8%). The filter retrieval rate was 23.8% at a mean of 68.5days (4-107). Only one complication was reported of a breakthrough PE despite filter. Applying the EAST guidelines to this cohort would have suggested filter insertion in 279 (24.6%) cases. The kappa concordance value between observed practice and the 'EAST filter group' was 0.103 (poor). The PE rate in the 'EAST filter group' was 2.2% vs 1.6% in the 'no filter group' (p=0.601, no statistical difference) and the observed odds ratio was 0.814 (95% CI 0.413, 1.602).

Conclusion: The EAST guidelines are useful but may be overestimating the need for filter insertion.

Keywords: EAST; Guideline; Inferior vena cava filter; Polytrauma.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Critical Care*
  • Device Removal
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Injury Severity Score
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multiple Trauma* / physiopathology
  • Multiple Trauma* / surgery
  • Orthopedic Procedures / adverse effects*
  • Orthopedic Procedures / methods
  • Point-of-Care Systems
  • Postoperative Complications / prevention & control*
  • Practice Guidelines as Topic
  • Pulmonary Embolism / prevention & control*
  • Risk Assessment
  • Treatment Outcome
  • United Kingdom
  • Vena Cava Filters / statistics & numerical data*
  • Vena Cava, Inferior / physiopathology
  • Venous Thromboembolism / prevention & control*
  • Young Adult