Is caffeic acid phenethyl ester more protective than doxycycline in experimental periodontitis?

Arch Oral Biol. 2017 Sep:81:61-68. doi: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.04.017. Epub 2017 Apr 21.

Abstract

Background and objectives: Host modulation therapies (anti-inflammatory drugs, bone-stimulating agents, anti-proteinase etc.) target the inhibition or stabilization of tissue breakdown. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and/or low dose doxycycline (LDD) administrations on alveolar bone loss (ABL), serum cytokines and gingival apoptosis, as well as the levels of oxidants and anti-oxidants in rats with ligature-induced periodontitis.

Material and methods: The animals were randomly divided into five groups: Group C (periodontally healthy), Group PC (Periodontitis+CAPE), Group PD (Periodontitis+LDD), Group PCD (Periodontitis+CAPE+LDD), Group P (Periodontitis). Experimental periodontitis was induced for 14days. Levels of ABL, and the serum cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1 β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and IL-10 were assessed as were the levels of the oxidants and anti-oxidants, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and levels of gingival apoptosis.

Results: The lowest ABL levels was evident in the PC group, among the experimental groups. There was also less inflammatory infiltration in the PC group than the PD group. IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 were lower in the PC group and higher in the P group in comparison to the levels in the other experiment groups. TNF-α levels in the PD group were higher than levels in the PC and PCD groups. The PC and PCD groups did not differ from the C group in regard to MDA levels. The highest GSH-Px level was found in the PC group. Gingival apoptosis in the PC group was not only lower than the PD and PCD groups, but also lower than in the C group.

Conclusion: The present study suggests that CAPE has more anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic effects than LDD, with no additive benefits of a CAPE+LDD combination being evident in rats with periodontitis.

Keywords: Apoptosis; Caffeic acid phenethyl ester-CAPE; Cytokines; Doxycycline; Oxidative stress; Periodontitis.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antioxidants / metabolism
  • Apoptosis
  • Biomarkers / blood*
  • Caffeic Acids / pharmacology*
  • Cytokines / blood
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Doxycycline / pharmacology*
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
  • Lipid Peroxidation
  • Male
  • Oxidants / blood
  • Oxidative Stress
  • Periodontitis / drug therapy*
  • Phenylethyl Alcohol / analogs & derivatives*
  • Phenylethyl Alcohol / pharmacology
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar

Substances

  • Antioxidants
  • Biomarkers
  • Caffeic Acids
  • Cytokines
  • Oxidants
  • caffeic acid phenethyl ester
  • Phenylethyl Alcohol
  • Doxycycline