[Cutaneous infantile hemangiomas]

Abstract

Superficial vascular anomalies are a heterogeneous group of diseases, developed from various types of vessels and differentiated by their clinical presentation, progression, and prognosis. Their classification was first published by Mulliken and Glowacki in 1982, then endorsed by the International society of the study of vascular anomalies (ISSVA) in 1996 and updated in 2014. It separates vascular anomalies into two categories: vascular tumors characterized by cellular proliferation and vascular anomalies that are structural anomalies of blood vessels. Infantile hemangiomas (IHs) are the most frequent childhood vascular tumor. In most cases, IHs are small, involute progressively with or without a few sequelae, and do not require any treatment. However, in particular localizations or in complicated hemangiomas, treatment is essential to limit tumor growth and accelerate their involution. Propranolol is now the first-line treatment. Its efficacy and safety have been clearly demonstrated.