From genetic single candidate gene studies to complex genomics of GvHD

Abstract

Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is a serious complication affecting the recipients of allogeneic haematopoietic stem cells. In this present review we attempt to summarize the current knowledge on the effect of the donor and recipient genotypes on GvHD, starting from human leucocyte antigen (HLA) matching for an optimal donor selection, typing of non-classical HLA and minor histocompatibility antigens through the polymorphic variations in genes coding for non-HLA proteins contributing to the development of GvHD and response to treatment. The results of recent Candidate Gene Studies (CGS) and Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) are presented and discussed.

Keywords: candidate gene studies; genome-wide association studies; graft-versus-host disease risk factors; major and minor histocompatibility antigens; non-HLA polymorphisms.