Electrodeposition of Polypyrrole and Reduced Graphene Oxide onto Carbon Bundle Fibre as Electrode for Supercapacitor

Hamra Assyaima Abdul Bashid; Hong Ngee Lim; Sazlinda Kamaruzaman; Suraya Abdul Rashid; Robiah Yunus; Nay Ming Huang; Chun Yang Yin; Mohammad Mahbubur Rahman; Mohammednoor Altarawneh; Zhong Tao Jiang; Pandikumar Alagarsamy

doi:10.1186/s11671-017-2010-3

Electrodeposition of Polypyrrole and Reduced Graphene Oxide onto Carbon Bundle Fibre as Electrode for Supercapacitor

Nanoscale Res Lett. 2017 Dec;12(1):246. doi: 10.1186/s11671-017-2010-3. Epub 2017 Apr 4.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
² Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. hongngee@upm.edu.my.
³ Functional Device Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. hongngee@upm.edu.my.
⁴ Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
⁵ Materials Processing and Technology Laboratory (Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Group), Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
⁶ Faculty of Engineering, Xiamen University of Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900, Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
⁷ Newcastle University Singapore, SIT Building @ Ngee Ann Polytechnic, 537 Clementi Road #06-01, Singapore, 599493, Singapore.
⁸ Department of Physics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh.
⁹ Surface Analysis and Materials Engineering Research Group, School of Engineering and Information Technology, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia.
¹⁰ Research Institute & Department of Chemistry, SRM University, Kattankulathur-603 203, Chennai, India.

Abstract

A nanocomposite comprising of polypyrrole and reduced graphene oxide was electrodeposited onto a carbon bundle fibre (CBF) through a two-step approach (CBF/PPy-rGO-2). The CBF/PPy-rGO-2 had a highly porous structure compared to a nanocomposite of polypyrrole and reduced graphene oxide that was electrodeposited onto a CBF in a one-step approach (CBF/PPy-rGO), as observed through a field emission scanning electron microscope. An X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis revealed the presence of hydrogen bond between the oxide functional groups of rGO and the amine groups of PPy in PPy-rGO-2 nanocomposite. The fabricated CBF/PPy-rGO-2 nanocomposite material was used as an electrode material in a symmetrical solid-state supercapacitor, and the device yielded a specific capacitance, energy density and power density of 96.16 F g^{- 1}, 13.35 Wh kg^{- 1} and of 322.85 W kg^{- 1}, respectively. Moreover, the CBF/PPy-rGO-2 showed the capacitance retention of 71% after 500 consecutive charge/discharge cycles at a current density of 1 A g^{- 1}. The existence of a high degree of porosity in CBF/PPy-rGO-2 significantly improved the conductivity and facilitated the ionic penetration. The CBF/PPy-rGO-2-based symmetrical solid-state supercapacitor device demonstrated outstanding pliability because the cyclic voltammetric curves remained the same upon bending at various angles. Carbon bundle fibre modified with porous polypyrrole/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite for flexible miniature solid-state supercapacitor.

Keywords: Carbon bundle fibre; Flexible supercapacitor; Graphene; Polypyrrole.