Predictors for intravenous immunoglobulin resistance and coronary artery lesions in Kawasaki disease

Pediatr Rheumatol Online J. 2017 Mar 21;15(1):17. doi: 10.1186/s12969-017-0149-1.

Abstract

Background: To assess the predictors for intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) resistance and coronary artery lesions (CALs) in Kawasaki disease (KD).

Methods: A total of 560 KD patients were reviewed retrospectively, including 410 complete KD (cKD) and 150 incomplete KD (iKD) patients. The laboratory data were compared between the IVIG-resistant and IVIG-responsive groups, as well as between the coronary artery lesions (CALs+) and without coronary artery lesions (CALs-) groups.

Results: In the cKD patients, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels had a sensitivity of 65.52% and a specificity of 62.7% for predicting IVIG-resistance at a cutoff point of >100 mg/L. When albumin <32 g/L, the sensitivity and specificity for predicting IVIG-resistance were 72 and 83.19%, respectively. N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels had a sensitivity of 73.91% and a specificity of 76.43% for predicting IVIG-resistance at a cutoff point of >1300 pg/ml. Interleukin-6 levels had a sensitivity of 76.19% and a specificity of 61.59% at a cutoff value of >45 pg/ml. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) levels had a sensitivity of 53.26% and a specificity of 64.14% for predicting CALs at a cutoff point of >75 mm/h. In the iKD patients, the sensitivity and specificity for predicting IVIG-resistance were 80 and 54.1% when hemoglobin <110 g/L. When proportion of neutrophils >70%, the sensitivity and specificity for predicting IVIG-resistance were 68 and 66.94%, respectively. ESR levels had a sensitivity of 70.83% and a specificity of 65.81% for predicting IVIG-resistance at a cutoff point of >80 mm/h. NT-proBNP levels had a sensitivity of 78.57% and a specificity of 56.67% for predicting IVIG-resistance at a cutoff point of >360 pg/ml. Interleukin-6 levels had a sensitivity of 70.59% and a specificity of 66.28% at a cutoff value of >25 pg/ml. Interleukin-10 levels had a sensitivity of 64.71% and a specificity of 74.42% for predicting IVIG-resistance at a cutoff value of >8 pg/ml. ESR levels had a sensitivity of 61.82% and a specificity of 65.12% for predicting CALs at a cutoff point of >75 mm/h.

Conclusions: The white blood cell count, proportion of neutrophils, hemoglobin, CRP, ESR, albumin, NT-proBNP, interleukin-6 and 10 may be effective predictors for IVIG resistance and CALs in KD patients.

Keywords: Coronary artery lesions; Intravenous immunoglobulin; Kawasaki disease.

MeSH terms

  • Blood Sedimentation
  • C-Reactive Protein / metabolism
  • Child, Preschool
  • Coronary Artery Disease / chemically induced*
  • Drug Resistance
  • Female
  • Hemoglobins / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / adverse effects*
  • Infant
  • Interleukin-6 / metabolism
  • Leukocyte Count
  • Male
  • Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome / drug therapy*
  • Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / metabolism
  • Peptide Fragments / metabolism
  • Regression Analysis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Serum Albumin / metabolism

Substances

  • Hemoglobins
  • Immunoglobulins, Intravenous
  • Interleukin-6
  • Peptide Fragments
  • Serum Albumin
  • pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76)
  • Natriuretic Peptide, Brain
  • C-Reactive Protein