Background: Despite growing evidence on the associations between nutrient patterns and obesity, very few studies have examined the association between patterns of nutrient intake and obesity.
Objective: To identify major nutrient patterns in U.S. adults and investigate their association with general and central obesity.
Methods: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) participants from 2005 to 2012 were included. General obesity was defined as body mass index ≥30 kg/m2, and central obesity as a waist circumference >102 cm for men and >88 cm for women. Intakes of 60 nutrients were calculated. Factor analysis was applied to derive the major nutrient patterns. Statistical analyses accounted for the survey design and sample weights.
Results: Overall 24,182 eligible individuals including 8155 with general obesity and 11730 with central obesity were included. Three nutrient patterns explaining 50.8% of the variance in dietary nutrients consumption, were identified. The odds of all types of obesity increased across quarters of the first nutrient patterns (mostly representative of saturated/mono-unsaturated fatty acids), such that the fourth quarter was associated with odds ratio of 1.31 (95%CI: 1.13-1.51) for general obesity and 1.47 (95%CI: 1.30-1.66) for central obesity, relative to the first quarter. The second nutrient patterns (mostly representative of micro nutrients and vitamins) was associated with lower odds of general [0.32 (95%CI: 0.61-0.77]) or central obesity [0.31 (95%CI: 0.62-0.78).
Conclusion: Nutrient patterns may have deleterious or protective effects on the risk of general and central obesity, with implication for food-based strategies to prevent and control obesity. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Central Obesity; Factor Analysis; General Obesity; Nutrient Patterns.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.