Lipid-mediated Wnt protein stabilization enables serum-free culture of human organ stem cells

Nat Commun. 2017 Mar 6:8:14578. doi: 10.1038/ncomms14578.

Abstract

Wnt signalling proteins are essential for culture of human organ stem cells in organoids, but most Wnt protein formulations are poorly active in serum-free media. Here we show that purified Wnt3a protein is ineffective because it rapidly loses activity in culture media due to its hydrophobic nature, and its solubilization requires a detergent, CHAPS (3-[(3-cholamidopropyl) dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate), that interferes with stem cell self-renewal. By stabilizing the Wnt3a protein using phospholipids and cholesterol as carriers, we address both problems: Wnt activity remains stable in serum-free media, while non-toxic carriers allow the use of high Wnt concentrations. Stabilized Wnt3a supports strongly increased self-renewal of organ and embryonic stem cells and the serum-free establishment of human organoids from healthy and diseased intestine and liver. Moreover, the lipophilicity of Wnt3a protein greatly facilitates its purification. Our findings remove a major obstacle impeding clinical applications of adult stem cells and offer advantages for all cell culture uses of Wnt3a protein.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult Stem Cells / drug effects*
  • Adult Stem Cells / metabolism
  • Adult Stem Cells / pathology
  • Biopsy
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / pathology
  • Cholesterol / chemistry*
  • Culture Media, Conditioned / pharmacology*
  • End Stage Liver Disease / pathology
  • Hepatitis C / pathology
  • Hepatolenticular Degeneration / pathology
  • Humans
  • Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions
  • Jejunum / drug effects
  • Jejunum / metabolism
  • Jejunum / pathology
  • Liposomes / administration & dosage
  • Liposomes / chemistry
  • Liver / drug effects
  • Liver / metabolism
  • Liver / pathology
  • Liver Neoplasms / pathology
  • Organoids / drug effects*
  • Organoids / metabolism
  • Organoids / pathology
  • Phospholipids / chemistry*
  • Tissue Culture Techniques*
  • Wnt3A Protein / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Culture Media, Conditioned
  • Liposomes
  • Phospholipids
  • WNT3A protein, human
  • Wnt3A Protein
  • Cholesterol