Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurobehavioral disorder with a heterogeneous genetic etiology. Based on the literature, several single-gene disorders, including Rett syndrome, Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome, PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome and tuberous sclerosis, are associated with a high prevalence of ASD. We estimated the prevalence of these four conditions in a large cohort of patients using whole-exome sequencing data from 2392 families (1800 quads and 592 trios) with ASD from the National Database for Autism Research. Seven patients carried a pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant in either TSC1, TSC2, PTEN, DHCR7 or MECP2, with 6 out of 7 reportable variants occurring in PTEN (1 in 399).
MeSH terms
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Autism Spectrum Disorder / complications
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Autism Spectrum Disorder / genetics*
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Autism Spectrum Disorder / pathology
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Exome Sequencing / methods
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Female
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Hamartoma Syndrome, Multiple / complications
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Hamartoma Syndrome, Multiple / genetics*
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Hamartoma Syndrome, Multiple / pathology
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Humans
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Male
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Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2 / genetics
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Mutation
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Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors / genetics
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PTEN Phosphohydrolase / genetics
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Rett Syndrome / complications
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Rett Syndrome / genetics*
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Rett Syndrome / pathology
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Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome / genetics*
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Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome / pathology
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Tuberous Sclerosis / complications
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Tuberous Sclerosis / genetics*
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Tuberous Sclerosis / pathology
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Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 1 Protein
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Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 2 Protein
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Tumor Suppressor Proteins / genetics
Substances
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MECP2 protein, human
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Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2
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TSC1 protein, human
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TSC2 protein, human
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Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 1 Protein
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Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 2 Protein
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Tumor Suppressor Proteins
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Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors
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7-dehydrocholesterol reductase
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PTEN Phosphohydrolase
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PTEN protein, human