Proliferative and Differentiation Potential of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cultured on Biocompatible Polymer Scaffolds with Various Physicochemical Characteristics

Abstract

Biocompatibility of film and fibrous scaffolds from polylactide-based polymers and the relationship between their architecture and the functional characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells were studied. Cell culturing on polylactide-based film and fibrous matrixes did not deteriorate cell morphology and their proliferation and differentiation capacities. The rate of cell proliferation and penetration in microporous 3D matrices with the same porosity parameters and pore size depended on their spatial organization. The above materials can be used as scaffolds for mesenchymal stem cells for creation of tissue engineering implants. The scaffold size and structure should be determined by the defects in the organs in which the regeneration processes have to be stimulated.

Keywords: differentiation; mesenchymal stem cells; polylactide; regenerative medicine; scaffolds.