Major Phytochemical as γ-Sitosterol Disclosing and Toxicity Testing in Lagerstroemia Species

Prapaparn Sirikhansaeng; Tawatchai Tanee; Runglawan Sudmoon; Arunrat Chaveerach

doi:10.1155/2017/7209851

Major Phytochemical as γ-Sitosterol Disclosing and Toxicity Testing in Lagerstroemia Species

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2017:2017:7209851. doi: 10.1155/2017/7209851. Epub 2017 Jan 16.

Authors

Prapaparn Sirikhansaeng¹, Tawatchai Tanee², Runglawan Sudmoon³, Arunrat Chaveerach¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Genetics and Environmental Toxicology Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
² Genetics and Environmental Toxicology Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand.
³ Genetics and Environmental Toxicology Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Faculty of Law, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.

Abstract

Medicinal plants in genus Lagerstroemia were investigated for phytochemical contents by GC-MS and HPLC with ethanol and hexane extracts and their toxicity MTT and comet assay on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). γ-Sitosterol is the major component found in all species at 14.70-34.44%. All of the extracts, except for L. speciosa ethanol extract, showed high percentages of cell viability. The IC₅₀ value, 0.24 mg/mL, of ethanol L. speciosa extract predicted an LD₅₀ of 811.78 mg/kg, which belongs to WHO Class III of toxic chemicals. However, in-depth toxicity evaluation by the comet assay showed that the four tested species induced significant (p < 0.05) DNA damage in PBMCs. γ-Sitosterol was previously reported to possess antihyperglycemic activity by increasing insulin secretion in response to glucose. Nonetheless, consumers should consider its toxicity, and the amount of consumption should be of concern.