The prognostic value of right ventricular long axis strain in non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathies using standard cardiac magnetic resonance imaging

Eur Radiol. 2017 Sep;27(9):3913-3923. doi: 10.1007/s00330-016-4729-0. Epub 2017 Feb 10.

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the association of right ventricular long axis strain (RV-LAS), a parameter of longitudinal function, with outcome in patients with non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDCM).

Methods: In 441 patients with NIDCM, RV-LAS was analysed retrospectively by measuring the length between the epicardial border of the left ventricular apex and the middle of a line connecting the origins of the tricuspidal valve leaflets in end-diastole and end-systole on non-contrast standard cine sequences.

Results: The primary endpoint (cardiac death or heart transplantation) occurred in 41 patients, whereas 95 reached the combined endpoint (including cardiac decompensation and sustained ventricular arrhythmias) during a median follow-up of 4.2 years. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed a poor outcome in patients with RV-LAS values below -10% (log-rank, p < 0.0001). In a risk stratification model RV-LAS improved prediction of outcome in addition to RV ejection fraction (RVEF) and presence of late gadolinium enhancement. Assessment of RV-LAS offered incremental information compared to clinical symptoms, biomarkers and RVEF. Even in the subgroup with normal RVEF (>45%, n = 213) reduced RV-LAS was still associated with poor outcome.

Conclusion: Assessment of RV-LAS is an independent indicator of outcome in patients with NIDCM and offers incremental information beyond clinical and cardiac MR parameters.

Key points: • Impaired right ventricular longitudinal function (RV-LAS) is associated with poorer cardiac outcomes. • Poor outcome is associated with decreased RV-LAS even in patients with RVEF >45%. • Addition of RV-LAS to known risk factors enhances the power prognostic information.

Keywords: Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging; Longitudinal function; Non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy; Prognosis; Right ventricular long axis strain.

MeSH terms

  • Cardiomyopathy, Dilated / diagnosis*
  • Cardiomyopathy, Dilated / mortality
  • Cardiomyopathy, Dilated / surgery
  • Female
  • Gadolinium
  • Heart Transplantation / mortality
  • Heart Ventricles / physiopathology
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Magnetic Resonance Angiography / methods
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Myocardium / pathology
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Stress, Physiological / physiology
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Right / diagnosis
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Right / mortality

Substances

  • Gadolinium