An efficient synthesis of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 LC-biotin

Abstract

In recent years the apparent impact of vitamin D deficiency on human health has gained increased awareness. Consequently, the development of appropriate assays to measure the status of medicinally most relevant vitamin D metabolites in human blood, serum or relevant tissue is continuously being improved. Particularly, assaying of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃, in turn considered as the most active metabolite, is mainly indicated in disorders leading to calcaemia or those resulting from an impaired 1α-hydroxylation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃. Thus, in some competitive protein binding and ELISA assays, biotin-linked 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ (1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ LC-biotin) is employed for measurement of actual calicitriol concentration. A new efficient synthesis of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ LC-biotin is described, starting with readily available vitamin D₂, and combining a classical approach to access 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃, appropriate OH-protective group transformations, and a C-3-O-alkylation, suitable to connect the biotin-linker in a reliable, selective and high yielding strategy. The developed methodology is applicable to the synthesis of a wide variety of C-3-OH-linked vitamin D₃ and D₂ derivatives.

Keywords: Assay development; Biomarkers; Calcitriol; ELISA; Protein binding assays; Vitamin D deficiency; Vitamin D metabolites; Vitamin D related diseases.