Synthesis of new spirooxindole-pyrrolothiazole derivatives: Anti-cancer activity and molecular docking

Abstract

The 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of an azomethine ylide generated from isatin and thiazolidinecarboxylic acid to a series of 2,6-bis[(E)-arylmethylidene]cyclohexanones afforded new di-spiro heterocycles incorporating pyrrolidine and oxindole rings in quantitative yields and chemo-, regio-, and stereoselectively. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized using spectroscopic techniques. Furthermore, the molecular structures of 4a, 4e, and 4n were confirmed by X-ray crystallography. These newly synthesized compounds were screened for their in vitro activity against breast cancer cell line MCF-7 and K562-leukemia. 4k was found to be the most potent compound of this series in targeting MCF-7 breast cancer cells and K562-leukemia, with IC₅₀ values of 15.32±0.02 and 14.74±0.7μM, respectively. The molecular studies of the synthesized compounds were investigated.

Keywords: 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition; Atom economy; Azomethine ylide; Breast cancer; Leukemia; Molecular docking; Oxindole; Pyrrolidine; Spirocyclohexanone.