Risk Factors for Chronic Subdural Hematoma Recurrence Identified Using Quantitative Computed Tomography Analysis of Hematoma Volume and Density

World Neurosurg. 2017 Mar:99:465-470. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2016.12.058. Epub 2016 Dec 23.

Abstract

Objective: Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH), a common condition in elderly patients, presents a therapeutic challenge with recurrence rates of 33%. We aimed to identify specific prognostic factors for recurrence using quantitative analysis of hematoma volume and density.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed radiographic and clinical data of 227 CSDHs in 195 consecutive patients who underwent evacuation of the hematoma through a single burr hole, 2 burr holes, or a mini-craniotomy. To examine the relationship between hematoma recurrence and various clinical, radiologic, and surgical factors, we used quantitative image-based analysis to measure the hematoma and trapped air volumes and the hematoma densities.

Results: Recurrence of CSDH occurred in 35 patients (17.9%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the percentage of hematoma drained and postoperative CSDH density were independent risk factors for recurrence. All 3 evacuation methods were equally effective in draining the hematoma (71.7% vs. 73.7% vs. 71.9%) without observable differences in postoperative air volume captured in the subdural space.

Conclusions: Quantitative image analysis provided evidence that percentage of hematoma drained and postoperative CSDH density are independent prognostic factors for subdural hematoma recurrence.

Keywords: Chronic subdural hematoma; Computed tomography; Density; Multiple regression; Recurrence; Volume.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Craniotomy*
  • Drainage*
  • Female
  • Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic / diagnostic imaging
  • Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic / epidemiology
  • Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic / surgery*
  • Humans
  • Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Neurosurgical Procedures
  • Recurrence
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Trephining*