Crediting animals in scientific literature: Recognition in addition to Replacement, Reduction, & Refinement [4R]

Thomas C Erren; J Valérie Groß; Ursula Wild; Philip Lewis; David M Shaw

doi:10.15252/embr.201643618

Crediting animals in scientific literature: Recognition in addition to Replacement, Reduction, & Refinement [4R]

EMBO Rep. 2017 Jan;18(1):18-20. doi: 10.15252/embr.201643618. Epub 2016 Dec 22.

Authors

Thomas C Erren¹, J Valérie Groß¹, Ursula Wild¹, Philip Lewis¹, David M Shaw^{2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Institute and Policlinic for Occupational Medicine, Environmental Medicine and Prevention Research, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
² Institute for Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
³ Department of Health, Ethics and Society, CAPHRI Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

Abstract

Animals are crucial for biomedical research, but rarely receive credit, let alone authorship—with a few exceptions. To better acknowledge their important role, the 3R approach could be expanded by “Recognition”.

MeSH terms

Animal Experimentation / ethics*
Animal Experimentation / legislation & jurisprudence
Animal Rights*
Animals
Authorship*
Cats
Cricetulus
Dogs
Editorial Policies
Humans
Pan paniscus
Periodicals as Topic