Carotenoids and carotenoid esters of orange- and yellow-fleshed mamey sapote (Pouteria sapota (Jacq.) H.E. Moore & Stearn) fruit and their post-prandial absorption in humans

Tania Chacón-Ordóñez; Ralf M Schweiggert; Anja Bosy-Westphal; Víctor M Jiménez; Reinhold Carle; Patricia Esquivel

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.11.120

Carotenoids and carotenoid esters of orange- and yellow-fleshed mamey sapote (Pouteria sapota (Jacq.) H.E. Moore & Stearn) fruit and their post-prandial absorption in humans

Food Chem. 2017 Apr 15:221:673-682. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.11.120. Epub 2016 Nov 29.

Authors

Tania Chacón-Ordóñez¹, Ralf M Schweiggert², Anja Bosy-Westphal³, Víctor M Jiménez⁴, Reinhold Carle⁵, Patricia Esquivel⁶

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chair Plant Foodstuff Technology and Analysis, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 25, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany. Electronic address: tania.chacon@uni-hohenheim.de.
² Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chair Plant Foodstuff Technology and Analysis, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 25, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany. Electronic address: ralf.schweiggert@uni-hohenheim.de.
³ Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany. Electronic address: Anja.Bosy-Westphal@uni-hohenheim.de.
⁴ CIGRAS, University of Costa Rica, 2060, San Pedro, Costa Rica; Food Security Center, University of Hohenheim, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany. Electronic address: victor.jimenez@ucr.ac.cr.
⁵ Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chair Plant Foodstuff Technology and Analysis, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 25, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany; Biological Science Department, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80257, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: reinhold.carle@uni-hohenheim.de.
⁶ School of Food Technology, University of Costa Rica, 2060 San Pedro, Costa Rica. Electronic address: patricia.esquivel@ucr.ac.cr.

PMID: 27979258
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.11.120

Abstract

Although different genotypes of mamey sapote with distinct pulp colors are consumed in countries from Central to South America, in-depth knowledge on genotype-related differences of their carotenoid profile is lacking. Since the fruit was found to contain the potentially vitamin A-active keto-carotenoids sapotexanthin and cryptocapsin, we sought to qualitatively and quantitatively describe the carotenoid profile of different genotypes by HPLC-DAD-MSⁿ. Sapotexanthin and cryptocapsin were present in all genotypes. Keto-carotenoids such as cryptocapsin, capsoneoxanthin, and their esters were most abundant in orange-fleshed fruit, whereas several carotenoid epoxides prevailed in yellow-fleshed fruit. Differing carotenoid profiles were associated with different color hues of the fruit pulp, while the widely variable carotenoid content (3.7-8.0mg/100gFW) was mainly reflected by differences in color intensity (chroma C^∗). Furthermore, the post-prandial absorption of sapotexanthin to human plasma was proven for the first time. Besides sapotexanthin, cryptocapsin was found to be resorbed.

Keywords: Bioavailability; Capsanthin-5,6-epoxide (PubChem CID: 25244605); Capsoneoxanthin (PubChem CID: 101078504); Carotenoids; Cryptocapsin; Cryptocapsin (PubChem CID: 14515709); Cryptoxanthin-5,6,5′,6′-diepoxide (PubChem CID: 21587178); Cryptoxanthin-5,6-epoxide (PubChem CID: 23256985); Keto-carotenoids; Luteoxanthin (PubChem CID: 12112747); Mamey sapote; Neoxanthin (PubChem CID: 5281247); Provitamin A; Sapotexanthin; Sapotexanthin (PubChem CID: 51042208); Violaxanthin (PubChem CID: 448438); β-carotene-5,6-epoxide (PubChem CID: 5281231).

MeSH terms

Carotenoids / analysis
Carotenoids / chemistry*
Fruit / chemistry*
Pouteria / chemistry*

Substances

Carotenoids