Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common and refractory arrhythmia. Prevalence of AF increases with age. Asymptomatic AF is a state of asymptomatic episodes of arrhythmia and its exact prevalence remains unknown. Ablation and therapy with antiarrhythmic agents may predispose to asymptomatic AF. Detection of silent AF is crucial for prevention of ischaemic stroke. Progress in continuous ECG monitoring by Holter ECG, telemetry methods or implantable devices can provide a useful tools for identifying silent AF. Simple screening procedures like pulse examination and ambulatory ECG may be helpful in arrhythmia detection and logically - ischemic stroke prevention.