Central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) is a rare condition usually caused by rapid sodium correction in hyponatraemia after a severe neurological syndrome. Only few cases have been reported during pregnancy, most of which were reported in patients with hyperemesis. We describe the successful management of the first case of twin pregnancy in a patient who presented with CPM after treatment for premature labour and then review the literature on CPM in pregnancy (aetiology, diagnosis and management). Our patient required emergency delivery to achieve electrolyte and fluid balance. At six months, the twins remained asymptomatic and the mother had minor sequelae. The aetiology is not clear, and there is no evidence regarding the optimal treatment or prognosis of CPM. In our patient, desmopressin-contaminated atosiban showed a certain probability in the Karch-Lasagne algorithm of a causality relationship between hyponatraemia and the drug. To our knowledge, this is the first case of myelinolysis reported in a twin pregnancy possibly related to desmopressin-contaminated atosiban.
Keywords: Central pontine myelinolysis; osmotic demyelination syndrome; oxytocin antagonist atosiban; pregnancy; preterm labour treatment.