Investigation of changes of the ocular fundus by ophthalmoscopy, coloured photography and fluoroangiography confirmed assumptions that the most frequent finding is hypertonic angiopathy and angiosclerosis. Hypertonic retinopathy and neuroretinopathy were recorded only in one quarter of the cases, most frequently during the initial years of dialysation treatment. The part played by a high blood pressure in chronic renal failure before and during dialyzation treatment is important. Under the influence of many metabolic changes in dialysed patients a general affection of the blood vessels and tissues of the retina, choroid and optic nerve develops. The appearance of the ocular fundus in the patient reminded of findings in subjects by two or more decades older and supported thus the theory of hastened ageing in chronic renal failure with regular dialysation treatment.