Ability of mini-implant-facilitated micro-osteoperforations to accelerate tooth movement in rats

Tracy Cheung; Juyoung Park; Deborah Lee; Catherine Kim; Jeffrey Olson; Shadi Javadi; Gregory Lawson; James McCabe; Won Moon; Kang Ting; Christine Hong

doi:10.1016/j.ajodo.2016.04.030

Ability of mini-implant-facilitated micro-osteoperforations to accelerate tooth movement in rats

Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2016 Dec;150(6):958-967. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2016.04.030.

Authors

Tracy Cheung¹, Juyoung Park², Deborah Lee³, Catherine Kim³, Jeffrey Olson³, Shadi Javadi⁴, Gregory Lawson⁵, James McCabe⁶, Won Moon⁷, Kang Ting⁸, Christine Hong⁹

Affiliations

¹ Resident, Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif.
² Graduate student, Division of Oral Biology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif.
³ Graduate student, School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif.
⁴ Assistant project scientist, Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif.
⁵ Director, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Division of Laboratory Animal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif.
⁶ Training manager, Division of Laboratory Animal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif.
⁷ Clinical associate professor, Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif.
⁸ Chair and professor, Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif.
⁹ Assistant professor, Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif. Electronic address: chong@dentistry.ucla.edu.

Abstract

Introduction: Although current techniques for accelerated tooth movement often involve invasive surgical procedures, micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) using mini-implants may facilitate orthodontic tooth movement without raising flaps, reduce surgical risks, and increase patient acceptance. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of mini-implant-facilitated MOPs in inducing accelerated tooth movement and investigated the potential risks for root resorption.

Methods: Five MOPs were placed on the left side around the maxillary first molars in 6 rats using an automated mini-implant driver, whereas the right side received no MOPs as the control. Closed-coiled springs were secured from incisors to first molars for orthodontic tooth movement. Tooth movement was measured, and samples underwent radiologic and histologic analyses.

Results: The MOP side exhibited a 1.86-fold increase in the rate of tooth movement with decreased bone density and bone volume around the first molars compared with the control side. Hematoxylin and eosin and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase analyses showed increased numbers of osteoclasts as well as new bone formation. Three-dimensional volumetric analysis of all 5 roots of the maxillary first molars demonstrated no statistically significant difference in root volumes.

Conclusions: Mini-implant-facilitated MOPs accelerated tooth movement without increased risk for root resorption and therefore may become a readily available and efficient treatment option to shorten orthodontic treatment time with improved patient acceptance.

MeSH terms

Animals
Male
Mandible / diagnostic imaging
Mandible / surgery
Molar / diagnostic imaging
Molar / surgery
Orthodontic Wires*
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Root Resorption / diagnostic imaging
Root Resorption / etiology
Tooth Movement Techniques / instrumentation
Tooth Movement Techniques / methods*
X-Ray Microtomography

Grants and funding

K08 DE024603/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States