Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a universal imaging technique, while impedance spectroscopy is a fundamental method of determining the electrical properties of materials. It is useful to combine those techniques to obtain the spatial distribution of an impedance vector. This paper proposes a new combining approach utilizing multifrequency scanning and simultaneous AFM scanning of an investigated surface.
Keywords: atomic force microscopy; dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; non-stationarity.