Glycemic Predictors of Insulin Independence After Total Pancreatectomy With Islet Autotransplantation

J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2017 Mar 1;102(3):801-809. doi: 10.1210/jc.2016-2952.

Abstract

Context: Total pancreatectomy with islet auto transplantation (TPIAT) is a treatment for medically refractory chronic pancreatitis that can prevent postsurgical diabetes in some patients. Predictors of insulin independence are needed for appropriate patient selection and counseling.

Objective: To explore glycemic predictors of insulin independence after TPIAT.

Design: A prospective cohort of patients.

Methods: We investigated 34 patients undergoing TPIAT from 2011-2016 at Johns Hopkins Hospital, all had a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) administered prior to their TPIAT. The primary outcome was insulin independence 1 year after TPIAT.

Results: Ten of 34 (29%) patients were insulin independent 1 year after TPIAT. All patients with impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance preoperatively were insulin dependent at 1 year. In age-adjusted regression analyses, fasting glucose ≤ 90 mg/dL [odds ratio (OR) = 6.56; 1.11 to 38.91; P = 0.04], 1-hour OGTT glucose ≤ 143 mg/dL (OR = 6.65; 1.11 to 39.91; P = 0.04), and 2-hour OGTT glucose ≤ 106 mg/dL (OR = 11.74; 1.46 to 94.14; P = 0.02) were significant predictors of insulin independence. In receiver operating characteristic analyses, homeostatic model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β) was the most robust predictor of insulin independence [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.88; 0.73 to 1.00].

Conclusions: Normal preoperative glucose status and lower fasting and postchallenge OGTT glucose values are significant predictors of insulin independence after TPIAT. Higher islet function (HOMA-β) was the strongest predictor. OGTT testing may be a useful tool to aid in patient counseling prior to TPIAT and should be further investigated.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Blood Glucose
  • Cohort Studies
  • Diabetes Mellitus / drug therapy*
  • Diabetes Mellitus / epidemiology
  • Diabetes Mellitus / etiology
  • Female
  • Glucose Intolerance / epidemiology
  • Glucose Intolerance / etiology
  • Glucose Tolerance Test
  • Humans
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Insulin / therapeutic use*
  • Insulin Resistance
  • Islets of Langerhans Transplantation*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Odds Ratio
  • Pancreatectomy* / adverse effects
  • Pancreatitis, Chronic / complications
  • Pancreatitis, Chronic / surgery*
  • Postoperative Complications / drug therapy*
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology
  • Postoperative Complications / etiology
  • Prediabetic State / epidemiology
  • Prediabetic State / etiology
  • Prospective Studies
  • Regression Analysis
  • Risk Factors
  • Transplantation, Autologous*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • Insulin