Acetone and methanol fruit extracts of Terminalia paniculata inhibit HIV-1 infection in vitro

Nat Prod Res. 2017 Jun;31(12):1468-1471. doi: 10.1080/14786419.2016.1258561. Epub 2016 Nov 20.

Abstract

In this study, we report the in vitro anti-HIV1 activity of acetone and methanol extracts of fruit of Terminalia paniculata. Cytotoxicity tests were conducted on TZM-bl cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), the CC50 values of both the extracts were ≥260 μg/mL. Using TZM-bl cells, the extracts were tested for their ability to inhibit replication of two primary isolates HIV-1 (X4, Subtype D) and HIV-1 (R5, Subtype C). The activity against HIV-1 primary isolate (R5, Subtype C) was confirmed using activated PBMC and by quantification of HIV-1 p24 antigen. Both the extracts showed anti-HIV1 activity in a dose-dependent manner. The EC50 values of the acetone and methanol extracts of T. paniculata were ≤10.3 μg/mL. The enzymatic assays were performed to determine the mechanism of action which indicated that the anti-HIV1 activity might be due to inhibition of reverse transcriptase (≥77.7% inhibition) and protease (≥69.9% inhibition) enzymes.

Keywords: Terminalia paniculata; acetone extract; anti-HIV1 activity; methanol extract; protease; reverse transcriptase.

MeSH terms

  • Anti-HIV Agents / pharmacology*
  • Fruit
  • HIV-1 / drug effects*
  • Humans
  • Plant Extracts / pharmacology*
  • Terminalia*

Substances

  • Anti-HIV Agents
  • Plant Extracts