Noninvasive Support: Does It Really Decrease Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia?

Clin Perinatol. 2016 Dec;43(4):783-798. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2016.07.012.

Abstract

Noninvasive support of preterm infants with respiratory distress is an evidenced-based strategy to decrease the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the only noninvasive strategy with sufficient evidence to support its use in acute respiratory distress syndrome. It is unclear if one method for delivering CPAP is superior to another. Future research will focus on strategies (eg, sustained lung inflation, and administration of surfactant using a thin plastic catheter) that increase the likelihood of success with CPAP, especially in infants with a gestational age of less than 26 weeks.

Keywords: BPD (bronchopulmonary dysplasia); CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure); High frequency ventilation; INSURE (INtubate, SURfactant, Extubate); Mechanical ventilation; SLI (sustained lung inflation); Ventilatory-induced lung injury; nCPAP (nasal CPAP).

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia / epidemiology*
  • Continuous Positive Airway Pressure / methods*
  • Humans
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Infant, Premature
  • Noninvasive Ventilation / methods*
  • Protective Factors
  • Pulmonary Surfactants / therapeutic use*
  • Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / therapy*
  • Risk Factors

Substances

  • Pulmonary Surfactants

Supplementary concepts

  • Respiratory Distress Syndrome In Premature Infants