We describe a new case of enteropathy with villous atrophy in a patient suffering from arterial hypertension treated with olmesartan. The molecular and serological studies showed anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) and haplotype HLA-DQ2 positive, as well as negative results for anti-transglutaminase, anti-endomysium and anti-enterocytes antibodies. A duodenal villous atrophy was suspected by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, which was confirmed by histopathology. The morphological picture was suggestive of sprue-like enteropathy with severe lymphoid infiltration and predominant T lymphoid cells.